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New Report Finds Passive House 4.5 Times More Efficient than Standard Codes

By Jay Fox

The Passive House Network (PHN) published a report today showing how Passive House standard compares to standard energy codes in multifamily buildings across North America. The study included comparisons ranging from Climate Zone 1 (i.e., very hot and humid climates like Miami or Honolulu) to Climate Zone 7 (very cold climates like Aspen or Duluth). Modeled scenarios showed that the Passive House standard was up to 4.5 times more efficient than the 2021 IECC and ASHRAE 90.1-2016 / 90.1-2019 baseline scenarios.

The report also notes that third-party verification via the Passive House Institute in Germany or Phius, which is based in the United States, narrows any gap in modeled performance versus real-world performance. In other words, the performance boost is not theoretical when Passive House building methodologies are combined with third-party verification.

“Based on these findings, Passive House should be accepted as an alternative compliance pathway for energy efficiency policies, incentive programs, and performance-based building requirements where the objective is to achieve predictable, high-performance energy outcomes,” wrote report author Marine Sanchez, Principal & Passive House Specialist at RDH Building Science Inc. “Passive House certification also includes an important quality-assurance dimension that is not fully captured by desk-based modeling comparisons.”

“In highlighting the superior performance of the Passive House standard, this study holds incredible promise for the future of our built environment,” said Bronwyn Barry, Policy Director of the Passive House Network. “Passive House produces incredibly efficient buildings in every climate in the continental U.S. At a time when much of our grid infrastructure is aging or in disrepair, policymakers need to take note.”

The study, the second in a series of energy standard comparisons across several typologies conducted by RDH Building Science Inc., evaluated the commonly used codes IECC 2021, ASHRAE 2016, and ASHRAE 2019 alongside the Passive House standards of PHI Classic, PHI Low Energy Building, and Phius 2024 Core. The Total Energy Use Intensity (TEUI) of the Passive House models consistently remained at or near 13 kBtu/ft2/yr. The standard energy codes ranged from 29-57 kBtu/ft2/yr, a significant jump that represents needless energy loss.

For an in-depth view of the report, including an overview of the study methodology, assumptions, software translation approach, and findings, attend the free online presentation PHN Presents: Multifamily Buildings Energy Standards Report on September 9th at 2PM ET. The presentation will be given by the report’s author, Marine Sanchez.

Sign up for the Presentation

The free presentation takes place September 9th at 2 pm ET.

Top photo courtesy of Jay Fox

Published: September 8, 2026
Author: Jay Fox
Categories: Article, News, Multifamily